The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) _ Mont Nimba _ do best

( Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ) "/> (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )" TITLE = " Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )"/> Flag: rectangular, length and width ratio is 3: 2. The green flag on the floor with white Arabic says Islam a famous saying: "all things non-primary, only Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." Bottom painted blades, symbol of the Jihad and self-defence. Green symbolizes peace, is the Islamic countries, like a lucky color. Flag color and pattern highlighted the country's religious beliefs, Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam. (KingdomofSaudiArabia)" /> Saudi Arabia National Center is a coconut tree, coconut-tree is grown in the desert of green plants, to live in the desert nomads, is extremely important, is the oasis of the flag; in the desert of the total land area of Saudi Arabia, most of the big tall coconut-tree as a symbol of the country. Coconut-tree roots are two crossed Arab gold handle blades, embodied people defend the country's independence and religious faith Name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) independence day: 23 September (1932) national day: 23 September (1932) Eid al-Fitr: Hijri calendar October first day Adha: Hijri 12 10 October (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ) "/> ( Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )" TITLE = " Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )"/> is located in the Centre of the Kingdom Centre in Riyadh. It is reported that the building constructed by the Saudi Prince, was funded by the United States leading travel magazines of the tourists of the latest modern buildings as the new "one of the seven wonders of the world". ( Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ) "/> (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )" TITLE = " Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )"/> Makkah Al-Haram mosque ( Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ) "/> (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )" TITLE = " Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )"/> Hajj-the pilgrimage of tianfang is Islam, Islamic calendar every year in December, from the world of pious Muslims to Hajj to counter-clockwise around the tianfang tour. ( Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ) "/> (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )" TITLE = " Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia )"/> Saudi Arabia ceremonial ceremony soldiers wearing a per person yaodao Arab, their traditional dress with Arab garb. Physical geography: 225 000 square kilometres. Located on the Arabian Peninsula, the Arabian Gulf, West of the Red Sea, with Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Republic of Yemen. 2437 km coastline. The terrain liyao. The West is Hijaz-Asir plateau, the southern section of the Hijaz mountains, altitude 3000 m or more. Central to Gennadi de plateau. The Eastern plain. The Red Sea coast is approximately 70 kilometres of Red Sea lowland. Desert accounted for about half of the national area. No perennial streams of rivers, lakes. In the case of Mediterranean climate in the Western plateau; other wide area a subtropical and desert climate, hot and dry. Population: 2276 million (2001), in which foreign population accounted for about 30%, the majority of the Arabs. Official language is Arabic, General English, Sunni Islam as the State religion, about 85%, Shi'a accounted for about 15%. The capital and administrative districts: the capital Riyadh (Riyadh) has a population of about 400 million (2001), with an average annual temperature of 25 degrees centigrade. The country is divided into 13 regions: Riyadh region, Mecca, Medina region, Eastern region, Qassim region, Ha'il area, Asir region, Bahai, Tabuk region, northern frontier district, quarter of praise, na kajran district, Zhu Cove area. Region consists of level County and secondary County, the County is divided into rural townships and secondary level. Brief: Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam. 7th century, the founder of Islam, Muhammad's successor to the establishment of the Arab Empire, 8 century DingFlourishing period, territory across Europe, Asia, Africa and three continents. 11 century began to decline, the 16th century by the Ottoman Empire. United Kingdom invasion in the 19th century, then divide the Han Zhi and Najd in two parts. 1924 years Chi chiefs Abdul Aziz Ibn �� �� �� Saudi consolidated the Najd and Han Zhi-two sections, the following stand as the King. In 1932, September 18, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for country name for. Politics: Saudi Arabia is integrated in the monarchy of the Kingdom, not the establishment of Parliament, no Constitution to prohibit the establishment of political parties. The King is head of State, and the Chancellor, the Saudi royal family holds the country's political, economic and military power. The Cabinet resolution, and foreign treaties and protocols require the King finally approved. The Holy Qur'an and the Hadith Muhammad is the basis of national law enforcement. The King also known as "two holy places (Mecca and Medina) servant" and serve as Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces and the President of the Council of Ministers (Cabinet Minister). King exercise supreme executive power and judicial power. Deputy Prime Minister, Deputy Minister, and the Governor, Deputy Governor, diplomats and other senior administration officials and military officers above by Colonel King appointed, has the power to dissolve or restructuring, Minister of the Cabinet of ministries responsible for directly to the Prime Minister. The King had the right to approve or reject the Cabinet meeting resolutions and signed treaties with foreign countries, the agreement. Cabinet is composed of the Deputy Prime Minister, the Minister appointed by the ministries and Secretary and Adviser to the King, for a term of four years. The King had the right to stand, the Crown Prince, dissolved waste consultations. Saudi Arabia from its founder Abdel-Aziz �� Rahman �� Faisal �� Saudi King's son became King in the ticket. 1992: March 1, King Fahd decided to establish consultative meetings, it is the country's political advisory body to the proposals to reform the King, the members are appointed by the King for 4 years. Economy: Saudi free economic policies. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to "oil", oil and gas resources are very abundant. The oil industry is the main pillar of the economy, in the leading role in the national economy, is the world's oil reserves, production and export volume one of the largest countries. Petroleum revenue in State revenues of more than 70%, oil export revenues accounted for about 90% of total exports. As of 2001, Saudi Arabia has proved oil reserves of about 362 billion tonnes (2642 million barrels), accounting for 25% of world reserves, the highest in the world. Natural gas reserves 6.04 trillion cubic meters, the total world natural gas reserves of 4%, the fourth largest in the world. At current oil production estimation, sand mining oil can still be 80 years or so. In addition, gold, copper, iron, Tin, aluminium, zinc and other metals, is the world's fourth largest gold market. Hydraulic resources to groundwater. Total reserves of groundwater is 36 trillion cubic meters, at the current water consumption, surface following 20 m deep water use 320 years. Sha is the world's largest producer of desalination, the country's total world sea water desalination of seawater desalination capacity of 21%. Cistern total 184, 6.4 billion cubic meters of storage capacity. Petroleum and petrochemical industry for the Saudi economy. Annual crude oil 4 to 5 million tons of oil revenues of about 400 to 500 billion. Saudi Arabia attaches particular importance to agriculture. There are 3200 million hectares of arable land, acreage 360 million hectares. In the Middle East countries, Saudi Arabia's gross domestic product (GDP) was the highest in developing countries is a high level. Saudi oil revenue as the main source of income. The oil sector in the Saudi economy play a leading role in the development of the production value of GDP accounted for more than 30%. Saudi exports to petroleum-based, accounting for about 90% of total exports, petrochemical and some industrial goods exports is gradually increased. Import mainly machinery and equipment, consumer goods, such as food, textile and chemical products. Saudi Arabia is the welfare state. Free medical care. Currency: Saudi Riyal. Press: "Umm �� Gura magazine is the official journal. In addition, the national also issued 13 kinds of newspapers and 23 magazine. Arabic newspapers include: the national report "," Europe Cazes, La "," Forum ", the Riyadh newspaper", the peninsula newspaper "," Middle East "(published in London), and English newspapers and periodicals: the Arab News, the Saudi newspaper", the Saudi business "," the Saudi economic survey, etc. Saudi press agency hereinafter referred to as sediment fluxes Club, established in January 1971. With Ah, English and French press. In Washington, London, Tunisia, Beirut, Cairo with branch. Riyadh radio station built in 1965, 1962 in Mecca was built the Islamic call "radio station, built in 1972, the Koran radio station. In addition to the above radio broadcasts in Arabic, is also used every day in English, French, Urdu, Kiswahili, Persia and Bangali language foreign broadcasts. Saudi establishment of networks of 1964, the existing five TV stations. 1965 start playing black and white program, 1976 color. 1983, start playing the English and French programming. TV network is covering 98% of the region. Diplomacy: pursuing a neutral, non-aligned foreign policy, advocating among countries based on mutual respect, sui-o-friendly, non-interference in internal affairs. Advocate for peace, stability and prosperity. Commitment to strengthening Arab and Islamic countries of solidarity and cooperation. In recent years gradually adjusts foreign policy, foreign policy, diversely positive development and the relationship between Western Europe and Japan, as well as the development of relations with China. Saudi Arabia is the League of Arab States, the Gulf Cooperation Council for the Arab States, the Organization of petroleum exporting countries and the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting countries. Relations with China: 21 July 1990, Saudi Arabia established diplomatic relations with China. �� Saudi history �� Saudi Arabia has a long and rich prehistoric civilization of Islam, many ancient civilizations have yet to be discovered or textual archaeologist. Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam. The rise of Islam, is called before the rise of the dark ages. 7th century, the founder of Islam, Muhammad and their Inheritors unifies the Arabian Peninsula, established a day see strong Arab Empire. Eight century up to the height of the Empire across Europe, Asia, Africa on three continents. Mohammed, its successor Caliph successively ruled the Arab Empire. Caliph is: Abu �� Bernard Kerr (632-634), Umar (634-644), Osman (644-656), Ali (656-661). Umayyads (661-750) and Abbas dynasty (750-1258) to Arab Empire to a heyday, layout across Europe, Asia, Africa and three continents. 11 century began to decline, the 16th century by the Ottoman Empire domination, Arab began to split into separate tribes of the Princes. Approximately 17 th century, the Saudi family from peninsula east of the Cardiff Central emigration to the peninsula, in the Northwest corner of Riyadh Toder yecheng established. The founder of the Saudi family �� present �� Saudi Arabia �� Muhammad �� Al Green to the 1720 years ruled Toder yecheng, his son Muhammad in 1744, and introduced the Reformation, publicity seldomly Barry school teachings Mohamed �� Wahab (1703-1791) established a religious-political Union. Saudi forces gradually extended family and 1773 occupation of Riyadh, established the first Saudi Emirates. The Ottoman Empire because of Turkey after the expedition of the tyrant, the Saudi family lost to the La release ' family, the first Saudi Emirates perish in 1818, the forces of the Saudi family back to shrink back Toder yecheng. 1824, Muhammad's grandson Turki seized the Riyadh, established the second Saudi Emirates. 1834, Turki's eldest son Faysal after and throne, Turkey's first captured in the fighting, be removed on Egypt. 1843, Faisal fled from Egypt, pick up the pieces and restore the rule of the central part of the peninsula. 1865, Faisal died, since the civil war in which imagines, leading exponents of a succession. Northern region of chamard tribe Mohammed �� the �� Rashid took advantage of the invasion, in 1891 year occupation of Riyadh. The second Saudi Emirates was flooded. Faisal �� son Abd Rahman rate over the Saudi family to Kuwait Ministry for their lives. In 1902, Abd �� Rahman's son Abd �� Aziz (1880-1953) grew up in Kuwait. In Kuwait chiefs Mubarak �� Sabah's support, the 21-year-old Aziz lead over 40 warriors, riding a camel, the attack to the Riyadh, Riyadh, establishing back third Saudi Emirates. In 1904, Turkey was forced to admit that Abdul Aziz, Chi �� domination. 1913, Aziz soldiers on campaigns, captured the Eastern-Kazakhstan region, eventually clear over the Turkey's forces. 1916, the United Kingdom declared that the recognition of Abdul Aziz as �� Najd and Emir of Kazakhstan. 1920, conquer Rashid tribes. 1924-1925, then fell to Hashim family reign of Mecca, Medina and Jeddah and Hejaz. In 1926, becoming the Achille's protectorate. In 1927, the United Kingdom formally recognized Abdel Aziz on �� East Gulf, West to the Red Sea throughout the Arabian Peninsula. After 30 years of conquests, Abdel Aziz finally unified �� Arabian Peninsula. In 1932, 23 September, Saudi Arabia announced the establishment of his family named in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Abdul Aziz �� be the first generation of the King. In 1953, Abdel Aziz death �� it throne, the eldest son of Saudi ruling for 11 years. Due to illness, poor governance, together with the national councils and regional situation of crisis, the Saudi cabinet meetings and consultation meetings in 1964 November decided to deposed the Saudi, his brother Faisal is King. King Faisal's 11 years, significantly advancing the progress of the desert Kingdom. In 1975, King Faisal is own their nephew Faisal �� present �� musaed �� present �� Abdul Aziz's assassination ��, it throne under Khalid. In 1982, Khaled Germany King died of a heart, his half brother Fahd �� the succession is King �� Aziz, his half brother became Crown Prince Abdullah. �� Location �� Saudi is located in the southwestern part of Asia, with a total area of about 225 million square kilometers, occupying a total area of four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula. The Saudi Arabian Peninsula, West is located in the Red Sea, 1899 km coastline. East is close to the Persian Gulf, 549 km coastline. North and Jordan, Iraq and Kuwait. Eastern border with Qatar, U.A.E., bridge and Bahrain. Adjacent to the Oman, Yemen to the South. The terrain from West to East, gradually reducing, assumes the strips. Western Han Zhi-Asir plateau, the middle is the NA quarter de rocky plateau, East, South and North is a desert. West Coast are narrow coastal plain. Desert area of nearly one million square kilometres. Located in the South, South-East of the rub al Khali desert is the world's largest unbroken desert, about 65 million square kilometers, most of them are in Saudi territory. Saudi national no perennial water of rivers and lakes. �� Climate�� apart from the West Coast, most regions in Saudi Arabia subtropical desert climate, very hot and dry. Summer maximum temperatures up to + 50 �� C; in winter and cool, rainy, temperatures may reach zero, a thin cotton and wool sweaters, pants to keep out the cold. Annual average temperature is around 25 �� C. Average annual rainfall of less than 200 mm. �� Slack �� than GMT time 3 hours later than Beijing time 5 hours. The time zone for the Saudi national unity, there is no difference. �� Passenger clearance �� and Saudi customs clearance shall hold not less than 6 months of validity of a valid passport and valid visa, fill in immigration card to remember the name and address of the guarantor for immigration inquiries. Saudi Arabia is strictly forbidden to avoid pornographic, with woman portrait too exposed to the content of books and magazines, video CDs, video tapes, liquor, meat and its products, as well as weapons, ammunition and other violations of Sharia and to prohibit the entry of goods carried. Articles on the travellers must be very stringent one. Once you find prohibited items, shall be deemed unlawful, in jail. �� Visa �� to Saudi business, tourism, traders shall hold valid not less than 6 months of a valid passport. In addition to the Bay area citizens, all others travelers are required to hold a visa for entry or residence. Holders could not arrive at the destination and not to the Saudi travel documents for three days of transit visas. Saudi does not handle the visas. To conduct business in Saudi Arabia shall be held by Saudi local company or a surety issued invitations to complete the correct visa application forms and accompanying big inch passport photograph to Saudi Ambassador to the country (show) Hall forVisa, usually single entry for the expiration of three months. In May 2002, visit the Saudi further relaxed sand businessmen and investors visa restrictions. Just sand Chamber confirmed the identity of the visitor, from businessmen to their host States Embassy for a visa, no longer approved by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (the Government group). �� Use voltage �� civil voltage use 110 volt/60 Hz and 220 volt/Hz, voltage 380 volt for industrial use. �� Metrology �� Saudi use metric units of measurement, the length of the weight with meters, kilograms. �� Currency �� Saudi riyal currency units called (SaudiRiyal abbreviation: SR). In 1986, Rial and dollars to implement fixed exchange rate system. US$1: SR3.75�� Each SAR 100 haarala (Halalas). Banknotes of 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 rials. Coins of 1 Rial, 5, 10, 25, 50 haarala.